Samuel Harris Altman, yettwassnen s yisem Sam Altman, d aṛemmas, amsefti yerna d amsihel amarikan. D yiwen seg yimsnulfayen
n OpenAI, yerna d anemhal amatu (CEO) n taṛmist-a. Uqbel OpenAI, yettwassen s waṭas deg umaḍal n tgemma(startups), ladɣa s leqdic-is deg Y Combinator, anda yella d amsefrak agejdan seg 2014 ar 2019. Ass-a, azal-is yeqqen ladɣa ɣer unerni n tigzi taragmawant (AI), ChatGPT d tmuɣli n OpenAI ɣef tigzi taragmawant tamatut (AGI).
1. Talalit d ulmad
Sam Altman ilul deg yiwet n twacult tayudayt deg Chicago, maca yekker-d deg temdint n Saint-Louis deg uwanak n Missouri. Yemma-s d tamejjayt n wul (takardyulijit).
Mi yesɛa 8 n yiseggasen deg leɛmer-is, yefka-yas baba-s aselkim-is amezwaru, d anaw n Apple Macintosh. Seg tallit-nni, yebda yelmed asihel d useggem n warrumen n uselkim. Yezrew deg tesnawit n John Burroughs School deg temdint n Ladue.
Deg useggas n 2004, yekcem ɣer Tesdawit n Stanford akken ad iɣer tasenselkimt. Maca am waṭas n yimaswaḍen n Silicon Valley (am Steve Jobs neɣ Mark Zuckerberg), Altman yeǧǧa tasdawit deg useggas n 2005 bla ma yekfa turagt-is, iwakken ad yerr akk lwelha-s ɣer teṛmist-is tamezwarut.
2. Aban n umahil (akarir)
2.1. Loopt (2005–2012)
Deg useggas n 2005, mi yella yesɛa 19 n yiseggasen, Altman d yimdukkal-is sbedden taṛmist tamezwarut umi semman Loopt. Asnas-a d yiwen seg yisnasen imezwura deg tilifunat i yesseqdacen imsidag n GPS akken ad d-yemel i yiseqdacen anda llan yimdukkal-nsen deg wakud ilaw.
Loopt tekcem deg tegrawt tamezwarut i yeffɣen seg tkebbanit n useddu Y Combinator. Xas akken asnas-a ur d-yewwi ara aṭas n yiseqdacen akken llan ttraǧun, taṛmist n tazzla Green Dot Corporation tuɣ-itt deg 2012 s wazal n 43 n yimelyunen n yidulaṛen.
2.2. Y Combinator (2011–2019)
Deg useggas n 2011, Altman yuɣal d amedraw deg teṛmist n useddu n teṛmisin tigemma Y Combinator. Deg 2014, amesbeddi agejdan n Y Combinator, Paul Graham, yextar Sam Altman ad yuɣal d aselway n teṛmist-a s lekmal-is.
Deg wakud ideg yella Altman d aselway, Y Combinator tennulfa yerna tefti deg yisenfaren imeqqranen deg umaḍal, gar-asen tiṛmisin mucaɛen am Airbnb, Stripe, Dropbox, DoorDash, Instacart, d Reddit (deg Reddit, Altman yella d anemhal amatu i kra n wussan deg 2014).
Deg meɣres 2019, Altman yeǧǧa taselwit n Y Combinator iwakken ad yerr afus d wakk tazmert-is ɣer teṛmist OpenAI.
2.3. OpenAI d tegrawla n tiɣist tagemdant (seg 2015)
Deg dujember 2015, Sam Altman, Elon Musk, Greg Brockman, Ilya Sutskever d kra n yimuzzayen nniḍen sbedden OpenAI. Deg tazwara, OpenAI d tuddsa n unadi ussnan ur nqessad ara lfayda tadrimant (non-profit organization), s yiswi n usegmi d usnegmu n tiɣist tagemdant tamatut (AGI - Tigzi taragmawant tamatut) ara yilin d tabaɣurt yerna d talwit i talsa.
Deg 2019, mi wala d akken anadi deg taɣult-a yesra tadrimt tameqqrant d wallalen n uselkim iǧehden aṭas, Altman yebdel talɣa n teṛmist-a ɣer talɣa yesɛan lfayda yettwaḥedden (capped-profit company). Deg useggas-nni yakan, taṛmist Microsoft tsefti deg OpenAI azal n yiwen n umelyar n yidulaṛen.
Deg 30 wember 2022, OpenAI tessufeɣ-d ChatGPT (tamudemt n tutlayt tameqqrant), asnas i yerran tiɣist tagemdant gar yifassen n yal amdan deg umaḍal.ChatGPT yegla-d s yiwet n tegrawla tasnatwilant tameqqrant, dɣa aya yessaweḍ Sam Altman ad yuɣal d yiwen gar yirgazen ifazen akk deg tfelsift d tnezzut tatrart.
2.4. Tadyant n wember 2023 (Tuffɣa d tuɣalin)
Ass n 17 wember 2023, aseqqamu n tedbelt n OpenAI yessewhem amaḍal mi d-yessufeɣ Altman seg twuri-s n unemhal amatu. Nnan-d dakken Altman «ur yelli ara d aṣaḍi deg teywalt-is yid-sen».
Tadyant-a tessekker aɣilif d ameqqran:
Uggar n 700 n yixeddamen n OpenAI (ugar n 95% seg yimahalen) ssenyan tanaḍt ideg ggzen ad fɣen akk ma yella ur d-yuɣal ara Altman.
Imseftiyen imeqqranen, ladɣa Microsoft, fkan-as afus yerna ssutren ad d-yuɣal.
Deffir n semmus (5) n wussan kan, ass n 22 wember 2023, Altman yuɣal-d d anemhal amatu n OpenAI, ma d imaslaḍen n useqqamu n tedbelt i t-yessufɣen rran-d imukan-nsen i yimḍebbren imaynuten.
3. Isenfaren nniḍen d usefti
Yerna ɣer uxeddim-is deg OpenAI, Sam Altman yesɛa isenfaṛen d yiseftiyen deg waṭas n tɣulin tuzzigin:
Ifecka i Telsa (Worldcoin): D asenfar i d-yebda deg 2019, yettnadin ad d-yefk tamagit tumḍint tagraɣlant (World ID) s usekles d usɛeddi n tiṭ (s uḍummu n iris), iwakken ad myeccaden yemdanen d yiselkimen deg tallit n tiɣist tagemdant, yerna ad yeṭṭef amkan deg tdamsa n tedrimt tumḍint (cryptomonnaie).
Helion Energy: Altman yefka azal n 375 n yimelyunen n yidulaṛen deg teṛmist-a yettennadin ɣef usegmi n tezmert s ubrid n tefsa taɣisant (neɣ azday aɣwawan), iwakken ad d-yefk tifrat i uswir n trisiti d wayen teḥwaǧ talsa.
Retro Biosciences: Yefka azal n 180 n yimelyunen n yidulaṛen i teṛmist-a n tesnudert (tabyulijit), yesɛan iswi n usɣezzef n leɛmer n wemdan d umennuɣ mgal tiseddarin n temɣer.
4. Tudert tudmawant
Altman d amluzuf; yeffeɣ-d s waya seg wasmi yella d anelmad deg uɣerbaz alemmas. Deg yennayer 2024, yezweǧ d umeddakkel-is Oliver Mulherin, d ajenyuṛ n tasenselkimt seg tmurt n Ustralya.
Altman d ameččimɣan seg temẓi-s. Yettwassen daɣen s tiktiwin-is ɣef uselkem n « uɣṛud azaduran ameɣradan » (UBI - Universal Basic Income), acku yumen dakken tiɣist tagemdant ad tekkkes aṭas n yimahilen i yemdanen, dɣa yessefk ad yili ubrid n teẓraf i yal amdan.
