Faustus of Riez was a 5th-century bishop in Southern Gaul and a prominent theologian. Born in Britain, he initially studied elocution and philosophy before entering the monastery of Lérins. After serving as an abbot for several decades, he was appointed Bishop of Riez in 432. He is most recognized for his theological efforts to combat Pelagianism and Arianism, often emphasizing the necessity of divine grace in human actions. His views on the relationship between grace and free will contributed to the development of what is sometimes called Semipelagianism.
Life and ministry
Following his monastic training, Faustus served as the head of Lérins for approximately twenty years. As bishop, he remained a dedicated ascetic and promoted monastic life by founding numerous monasteries. His opposition to Arianism led to an eight-year exile under the Visigothic King Euric, though he eventually returned to his diocese. He remained active in his religious duties until his death, which occurred between 490 and 495.
Theological work
Faustus authored several works, including a notable treatise against predestination and Pelagianism. He argued that divine grace precedes and assists the human will, rather than human effort being independent of God. He also proposed that the human soul possesses a corporeal nature, distinguishing it from the pure spirit of God. His writings were influential in shaping discussions regarding grace and free will during the late fifth century.
Veneration
Recognized as a saint, Faustus is commemorated on 28 September. His followers in his diocese regarded him with great reverence, leading to the construction of a basilica in his honor. He is included in the liturgical calendars of the Anglican, Catholic, and Orthodox traditions.