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A revolution (frae the Latin revolutio, "a turn aroond") is a fundamental chynge in pouer or organizational structures that taks place in a relatively short period o time. Its uise tae refer tae poleetical chynge dates frae the scientific revolution occasioned bi Copernicus' famous De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium. Aristotle descrived twa types o poleetical revolution:
- Complete chynge frae ane constitution tae anither
- Modification o an existin constitution.
Revolutions hae occurred through human history an vary widely in terms o methods, duration, an motivatin ideology. Their results include major chynges in cultur, economy, an socio-political institutions.
Scholarly debates aboot whit daes an disna constitute a revolution center aroond several issues. Early studies o revolutions primarily analyzed events in European history frae a psychological perspective, but mair modren examinations include global events an incorporate perspectives frae several social sciences, includin sociology an poleetical science. Several generations o scholarly thocht on revolutions hae generatit mony competin theories an contributit muckle tae the current unnerstandin o this complex phenomenon.
Etymology
Nicolaus Copernicus named his 1543 treatise on the muivements o planets aroond the sun De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions o Celestial Bodies). "Revolution" then passed frae astronomy intae astrological venacular; comin tae representin abrupt chynge in the social order. Poleetical uisage o the wird first appeared in 1688 in the young Unitit Kinrick as a description o the replacement o James II wi William III. The process wis termed "The Glorious Revolution".
