Biodiesel be form of diesel fuel dem get from plants anaa animals wey dey consist of long-chain fatty acid esters. Wey typically dem make by chemically reacting lipids lyk animal fat (tallow), soybean oil, anaa sam oda vegetable oil plus alcohol, wey dey produce methyl, ethyl anaa propyl ester by de process of transesterification.
Unlike de vegetable den waste oils dem take use to fuel diesel engines dem convert, biodiesel e be drop-in biofuel, wey eget dey mean as ebe compatible plus existing diesel engines den distribution infrastructure. Howeva, dem take mix plus petrodiesel (typically to less dan 10%) since chaw engines no fi run for pure biodiesel top widout modification. Biodiesel dey blend wey dem sanso fi use am as heating oil.
De US National Biodiesel Board dey define "biodiesel" as mono-alkyl ester.
Blends
Blends of biodiesel den conventional hydrocarbon-based diesel dem komot do chaw commonly distributed for use for de retail diesel fuel marketplace insyd. Much of de world dey use system dem know as de "B" factor make dem state de amount of biodiesel for any fuel mix insyd:
- 100% biodiesel wey dem refer to as B100
- 20% biodiesel, 80% petrodiesel wey dem label B20
- 10% biodiesel, 90% petrodiesel wey dem label B10
- 7% biodiesel, 93% petrodiesel wey dem label B7
- 5% biodiesel, 95% petrodiesel wey dem label B5
- 2% biodiesel, 98% petrodiesel wey dem label B2
Yield
Feedstock yield efficiency per unit area dey affect de feasibility of ramping up production to de huge industrial levels dem require make dem power significant percentage of vehicles.
| Crop | Yield | |
|---|---|---|
| L/ha | US gal/acre | |
| Palm oil | 4752 | 508 |
| Coconut | 2151 | 230 |
| Cyperus esculentus | 1628 | 174 |
| Rapeseed | 954 | 102 |
| Soy (Indiana) | 554-922 | 59.2–98.6 |
| Chinese tallow | 907 | 97 |
| Peanut | 842 | 90 |
| Sunflower | 767 | 82 |
| Hemp | 242 | 26 |
