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Diacritic mark typically denoting nazalization, in Indian abugidas

Chandrabindu

Chandrabindu
All data from the card 7
Bengali–Assamese
ঁ
Tibetan
ྃ
Malayalam
ഁ
Ashoka Brahmi
𑀀
Devanagari
ँ
IAST transliteration
m̐ M̐
ISCII code point
A1 (161)

Chandrabindu (Sanskrit: चन्द्रबिन्दु; IAST: candrabindu, lit. 'moon dot') is a diacritic sign with the form of a dot inside the lower half of a circle. It is used in the Devanagari (ँ), Bengali-Assamese (ঁ), Gujarati (ઁ), Odia (ଁ), Tamil (◌𑌁 Extension used from Grantha), Telugu (ఁ), Kannada (◌ಁ), Malayalam (◌ഁ), Sinhala (◌ඁ), Javanese ( ꦀ) and other scripts.

It usually means that the previous vowel is nasalized.

In Hindi, it is replaced in writing by anusvara when it is written above a consonant that carries a vowel symbol that extends above the top line.

In Classical Sanskrit, it seems to occur only over a lla, yya, or vva conjunct consonant, to show that it is pronounced as a nasalized double l, y, or v which occurs if they have become assimilated in sandhi.

In Vedic Sanskrit, it is used instead of anusvara to represent the sound anunasika when the next word starts with a vowel. It usually occurs where in earlier times a word ended in -ans.

Glyph comparison

Unicode

Unicode encodes chandrabindu and chandrabindu-like characters for a variety of scripts:


  • U+0901 ँ DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+A8F2 ꣲ DEVANAGARI SIGN SPACING CANDRABINDU
  • U+A8F3 ꣳ DEVANAGARI SIGN CANDRABINDU VIRAMA
  • U+0900 ऀ DEVANAGARI SIGN INVERTED CANDRABINDU
  • U+0A01 ਁ GURMUKHI SIGN ADAK BINDI
  • U+0A70 ੰ GURMUKHI TIPPI
  • U+0C80 ಀ KANNADA SIGN SPACING CANDRABINDU
  • U+0C81 ಁ KANNADA SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+0C01 ఁ TELUGU SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+0C00 ఀ TELUGU SIGN COMBINING CANDRABINDU ABOVE
  • U+0981 ঁ BENGALI SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+0B01 ଁ ORIYA SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+0D01 ഁ MALAYALAM SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+0A81 ઁ GUJARATI SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+11000 𑀀 BRAHMI SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+115BC 𑖼 SIDDHAM SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+11301 𑌁 GRANTHA SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+11F00 𑼀 KAWI SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+0F82 ྂ TIBETAN SIGN NYI ZLA NAA DA
  • U+0F83 ྃ TIBETAN SIGN SNA LDAN
  • U+A873 ꡳ PHAGS-PA LETTER CANDRABINDU
  • U+11443 𑑃 NEWA SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+11C3C 𑰼 BHAIKSUKI SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+111CF 𑇏 SHARADA SIGN INVERTED CANDRABINDU
  • U+1193C 𑤼 DIVES AKURU SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+A8C5 ꣅ SAURASHTRA SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+11080 𑂀 KAITHI SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+114BF 𑒿 TIRHUTA SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+11CB6 𑲶 MARCHEN SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+1B01 ᬁ BALINESE SIGN ULU CANDRA
  • U+1B00 ᬀ BALINESE SIGN ULU RICEM
  • U+1C34 ᰴ LEPCHA CONSONANT SIGN NYIN-DO
  • U+1C35 ᰵ LEPCHA CONSONANT SIGN KANG
  • U+11A35 𑨵 ZANABAZAR SQUARE SIGN CANDRABINDU
  • U+11A36 𑨶 ZANABAZAR SQUARE SIGN CANDRABINDU WITH ORNAMENT
  • U+11A37 𑨷 ZANABAZAR SQUARE SIGN CANDRA WITH ORNAMENT
  • U+0310 ◌̐ COMBINING CANDRABINDU is a general-purpose combining diacritical mark intended for use with Latin letters in transliteration of Indic languages.

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